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Java's file-manipulation methods often indicate failure with a return value instead of throwing an exception. Consequently, programs that ignore the return values from file operations often fail to detect that those operations have failed. Java programs must check the return values of methods that perform file I/O. This is a specific instance of rule EXP00-J. Do not ignore values returned by methods.

Noncompliant Code Example (delete())

This noncompliant code example attempts to delete a specified file but gives no indication of its success. The Java Platform, Standard Edition 6 API Specification [API 2006] requires File.delete() to throw a SecurityException only when the program lacks authorization to delete the file. No other exceptions are thrown, so the deletion can silently fail.

File file = new File(args[0]);
file.delete();

Compliant Solution

This compliant solution checks the return value of delete().

File file = new File("file");
if (!file.delete()) {
  System.out.println("Deletion failed");
}

Compliant Solution (Java SE 7)

This compliant solution uses the java.nio.file.Files.delete() method from Java SE 7 to delete the file.

Path file = new File(args[0]).toPath();
try {
  Files.delete(file);
} catch (IOException x) {
  System.out.println("Deletion failed");
  // handle error
}

The Java SE 7 Documentation [J2SE 2011] defines Files.delete() to throw the following exceptions:

Exception

Reason

NoSuchFileException

File does not exist

DirectoryNotEmptyException

File is a directory and could not otherwise be deleted because the directory is not empty

IOException

An I/O error occurs

SecurityException

In the case of the default provider and a security manager is installed, the SecurityManager.checkDelete(String) method is invoked to check delete access to the file

Since SecurityException is a runtime exception, it need not be declared. And NoSuchFileException and DirectoryNotExmptyException both inherit from IOException, they will be caught by the compliant solution's catch clause.

Risk Assessment

Failure to check the return values of methods that perform file I/O can result in unexpected behavior.

Rule

Severity

Likelihood

Remediation Cost

Priority

Level

FIO02-J

Medium

Probable

Medium

P8

L2

Related Guidelines

Bibliography

[API 2006]

File.delete()

[J2SE 2011]

Files.delete()

[Seacord 2005]

Chapter 7, File I/O

 


      12. Input Output (FIO)      

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